If your bone is weakened by osteoporosis, cancer, or another medical condition, you might experience groin pain leading up to the time of the fracture. The most common symptom of a femoral neck fracture is pain in the groin that gets worse when you put weight on the hip or try to rotate the hip. Along with high-energy trauma, they can also be caused by low bone mineral density, such as osteopenia or osteoporosis, or by other conditions like cerebral palsy or muscular dystrophy. In younger people, these fractures most often result from high-energy trauma, such as a vehicle collision or fall from a great height.įemoral neck fractures are rare in children. Having bone cancer is also a risk factor.įalls are the most common cause of femoral neck fractures in older adults. Being over the age of 50 or having a medical condition that weakens your bones, such as osteoporosis, increases your risk of a fracture in the femoral neck. Trauma is the most common cause of femoral neck fractures. The mechanism in young patients is predominantly axial loading during high force trauma 9, with an abducted hip during injury causing a neck of femur fracture and an adducted hip causing a hip fracture-dislocation. There is generally deficient elastic resistance in the fractured bone 8. In elderly patients, the mechanism of injury various from falls directly onto the hip to a twisting mechanism in which the patient’s foot is planted and the body rotates. motor vehicle collisions) in younger patients Most significantly, subcapital and transcervical fractures are considered intracapsular while basicervical fractures are considered extracapsular 14.įurther, severity of a subcapital fracture is graded by the Garden classification of hip fractures.transcervical: midportion of femoral neck.Since disruption of blood supply to the femoral head is dependent on the type of fracture and causes significant morbidity, diagnosis and classification of these fractures is importan t. The femoral neck is the weakest part of the femur. Neck of femur fractures can be classified by the fracture line in relation to the joint capsule:įemoral neck fractures are a subset of proximal femoral fractures. Extracapsular – either intertrochanteric (between the two trochanters) or subtrochanteric (Intracapsular – either subcapital (through the junction of the head and neck) or basocervical fracture (through the base of femoral neck).In patients aged between 65 and 99, femoral neck and intertrochanteric fractures occur with approximately the same frequency. Incidence is increasing as the proportion of the elderly population in many countries increases 4. Fractures that occur in places where the blood supply is not disrupted have a better chance of healing. If the blood supply to the femoral head is lost, the bone tissue will die (a process called avascular necrosis), leading to the eventual collapse of the bone. Fractures in this area are categorized based on the location of the fracture along the femoral neck:Ī femoral neck fracture can tear the blood vessels and cut off the blood supply to the femoral head. The capsule is the area that contains the fluid that lubricates and nourishes the hip joint. They are more common in women.įemoral neck fractures are intracapsular fractures. More than 90 percentTrusted Source of these fractures occur in people older than 50. Though anyone can fracture their femoral neck, it’s considerably more common in elderly adults who have poor bone density.basicervical is the base of femoral neck.transcervical is the mid portion of femoral neck.subcapital is the femoral head and neck junction.Just below the femoral head is the femoral neck. This is the “ball” that sits in the socket. At the top of your femur (which is your thigh bone) is the femoral head. Your hip is a ball and socket joint where your upper leg meets your pelvis. The femoral neck is the most common location for a hip fracture. Elderly osteoporotic women are at greatest risk.įemoral neck fractures and peritrochanteric fractures are equally prevalent and make up over 90 percent of proximal femur fractures. Neck of femur fractures (NOF) are common injuries sustained by older patients who are both more likely to have unsteadiness of gait and reduced bone mineral density, predisposing to fracture. It occurs when the top part of the femur (leg bone) is broken, just below the ball and socket joint. It is likely to be life changing and for some people life threatening. A fractured neck of femur (broken hip) is a serious injury, especially in older people.
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